found in the design of signal technology. Why is the 3-dimensional signaling range crucial? Why is the 3-dimensional signaling range crucial? For a design of visual and audible signaling devices that only uses [...] of the signaling device and the environmental conditions, in which the signaling device exactly fulfills the project requirement of the customer application. For the evaluation of audible signaling devices [...] For visual signaling devices, minimum illuminance levels are determined considering the operating modes, technology, and visual perceptibility. Based on these factors, the 3-dimensional signaling range is